@layer a11y,tokens,base,components,pages;@layer a11y{[hidden]{display:none!important}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.argument-visual{position:static!important}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.argument-step{min-height:0!important}}@media print{.argument-step{min-height:0!important}}@media print{.argument-visual{position:static!important}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-lamp{animation:none!important}}}@layer base{:root{--red:var(--mvs-closed);--dark-rule:var(--mvs-inverse-rule)}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-padding-top:calc(var(--header-height) + 16px)}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}::selection{background:var(--mvs-selection);color:var(--ink)}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}button,input{font:inherit;color:inherit}button{cursor:pointer;border:0}button:disabled{opacity:.5}svg{display:block;overflow:visible}h1,h2,h3,h4,p,figure{margin:0}h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h3);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h3)}h3{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3)}h4{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);font-weight:500;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-body)}a,button,input,summary{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible,input:focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset);border-radius:2px}summary{min-height:52px}summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;text-align:right}th,td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:12px}th:first-child,td:first-child{text-align:left}th{font-weight:500}caption{text-align:left;margin-bottom:12px;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}h1,h2,h3,h4,p,blockquote,summary,label,figcaption{overflow-wrap:break-word}details>summary{overflow-wrap:anywhere;min-width:0}@media print{details{display:block}}@media print{main{overflow:visible}}@media print{body{background:var(--mvs-panel);color:var(--ink)}}@media print{main a[href^=http]:after{content:" (" attr(href) ")";font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);overflow-wrap:anywhere}}}@layer pages{.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}.anchor-alias{display:block;position:relative}.skip-link{position:fixed;left:16px;top:-100px;z-index:100;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:12px 20px}.skip-link:focus{top:12px}.site-footer .wordmark{display:inline-flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;min-height:44px}.hero,.section{padding-inline:var(--gutter);margin:auto}.section{padding-block:112px}.eyebrow{display:block;font:var(--mvs-font-label);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-label);text-transform:uppercase}.hero-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:7fr 5fr;align-items:center;gap:16px;min-height:690px}.hero-copy{position:relative;z-index:2;padding:44px 0 48px}.hero-lead{font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-lead);max-width:560px;margin-top:25px}.hero-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px 24px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:30px}.primary-button{justify-content:center}.primary-button svg{width:22px;flex-shrink:0}.hero-art{position:relative;min-width:0;align-self:center}.apparatus{position:relative;height:440px}.apparatus-fallback,.apparatus canvas{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%}.apparatus.ready:not(.stage-arriving) .apparatus-fallback{opacity:0;visibility:hidden}.apparatus-poster{display:none;position:absolute;top:0;left:50%;width:auto;max-width:none;height:min(100cqh,calc(100cqw / var(--poster-ratio,var(--poster-desktop))));transform:translate(-50%);pointer-events:none}@media(scripting:enabled){.apparatus[data-poster]{container-type:size;overflow:clip}.apparatus[data-poster] .apparatus-poster{display:block}.apparatus[data-poster=shown] .apparatus-fallback{visibility:hidden;opacity:0}.apparatus[data-poster=shown]~.machine-readouts:not([data-projected]){visibility:hidden;position:absolute;inset:0}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.apparatus-poster{--poster-ratio:var(--poster-narrow)}}.dot{display:inline-block;width:7px;height:7px;flex-shrink:0;border-radius:50%}.green{background:var(--green)}.red{background:var(--red)}.motion-toggle{top:70px}input[type=range]{display:block;min-height:44px;height:44px;-webkit-appearance:none;background:transparent;padding:0;touch-action:pan-y}input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-runnable-track{height:3px;background:var(--mvs-control-edge)}input[type=range]::-moz-range-track{height:3px;background:var(--mvs-control-edge)}input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb{appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;width:21px;height:21px;background:var(--mvs-brass);border:3px solid var(--ink);box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--mvs-brass);border-radius:50%;margin-top:-9px}input[type=range]::-moz-range-thumb{width:15px;height:15px;background:var(--mvs-brass);border:3px solid var(--ink);box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--mvs-brass);border-radius:50%}.maintenance{border-top:1px solid var(--dark-rule);padding-top:20px;margin-top:22px}.maintenance .eyebrow{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label);color:var(--mvs-sage-light);margin-bottom:12px}.maintenance p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label);margin-top:10px;color:var(--mvs-sage-light)}.chart-grid path{stroke:var(--muted);stroke-width:.7}.chart-grid text{fill:var(--mvs-sage-light);font:16px var(--sans)}.trajectory{stroke-width:3;fill:none;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-linecap:round}.outcome{margin-top:26px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid var(--dark-rule)}.outcome h3{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3);margin-top:8px;color:var(--copper)}.outcome h3[data-status=grows]{color:var(--mvs-inverse-green)}.outcome p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);margin-top:10px;max-width:650px}.chart-caption{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-label);color:var(--mvs-sage-light);margin:20px 0 26px}.paper-subtitle{font:var(--mvs-font-lead);margin-top:22px}.site-footer{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:30px;padding:30px var(--gutter)}.site-footer>p{color:var(--muted);max-width:550px}.site-footer>p strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:500}.site-footer>a:last-child{min-height:44px;display:flex;align-items:center;white-space:nowrap}@media(max-width:999.98px){.section{padding-block:90px}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;min-height:0}.hero-copy{padding-bottom:25px}.hero-lead{max-width:620px}.maintenance{order:6;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:5px 30px;margin:0 0 22px;padding-top:15px}.maintenance>.eyebrow,.maintenance>p{grid-column:1/-1}.maintenance .eyebrow{margin-bottom:3px}.maintenance p{margin-top:4px}.outcome h3{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h2)}.outcome p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);margin-top:8px}.chart-caption{margin-block:16px 20px}.site-footer>p{order:3;max-width:none;width:100%;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:20px}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.site-footer .wordmark{gap:8px}.hero-copy{padding-top:30px}.section{padding-block:65px}.eyebrow{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label)}.trajectory{stroke-width:4}.outcome h3{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h2);margin-top:7px}.outcome p{line-height:var(--mvs-leading-body);margin-top:10px}.chart-caption{margin-block:16px 20px}.maintenance{gap:3px 20px;margin-bottom:18px}.maintenance p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label)}.paper-subtitle{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3)}.site-footer{padding:25px var(--gutter)}}@media(max-width:379.98px){.hero h1 br{display:none}}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){.hero-copy{padding-top:32px}.hero-lead{font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead)}}.hero-lead{max-width:550px}.apparatus-replay{display:block;margin:10px auto 0;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}.maintenance p,.chart-caption{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}.outcome p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-small)}@media(min-width:1000px){.hero-grid{min-height:700px}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.hero-grid{gap:0}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.hero-grid{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;min-height:0}.hero-copy{display:contents}.hero h1{order:1}.hero-actions{order:3;flex-wrap:nowrap;margin-top:17px;gap:16px}.hero-actions .primary-button{gap:10px}.hero-art{align-self:stretch}.apparatus{height:250px}.hero-lead{order:5;font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-lead);margin-top:24px;max-width:none}.motion-toggle{top:38px}.apparatus-replay{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);margin-top:5px}.chart-caption{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption)}.outcome p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body)}}@media(max-width:379.98px){.hero-actions{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px}.hero-actions .primary-button{width:auto}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.chart-grid text{font-size:32px}}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){.chart-grid text{font-size:22px}}@media(max-width:379.98px){.chart-grid text{font-size:39px}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.hero-lead{order:3;margin-top:16px;font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-lead)}.hero-actions{order:4;margin-top:18px}.hero-art{order:5}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.site-footer .wordmark{min-width:0;max-width:100%;flex-shrink:1}}.apparatus-tax-control:before{content:"";position:absolute;top:-17px;height:15px;width:1px;background:var(--copper);opacity:.55}.apparatus-tax-heading{justify-content:space-between}.apparatus-tax-heading label{min-width:0}.apparatus-tax-heading label span{display:block}.apparatus-tax-range{display:grid;grid-template-columns:44px minmax(0,1fr) 44px;align-items:center}.apparatus-tax-range button{width:44px;min-width:44px}.apparatus-tax-range input{width:100%;min-width:0;height:44px;margin:0;accent-color:var(--green);cursor:pointer}.apparatus-tax-range :focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}.apparatus-tax-scale{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;margin:0 50px;color:var(--muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.apparatus-tax-control[data-state=inactive]{border-color:var(--red)}.apparatus-tax-control[data-state=inactive] .apparatus-tax-heading output,.apparatus-tax-control[data-state=inactive] .apparatus-tax-status{color:var(--red)}.apparatus-tax-control[data-state=cleaning] .apparatus-tax-status{color:var(--copper)}@media(max-width:999.98px){.apparatus-tax-control{padding:16px 15px 15px;background:var(--mvs-enamel)}.apparatus-tax-control:before{left:75%;top:-18px;height:16px}.hero-art .apparatus-replay{min-height:44px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.apparatus-tax-range button{transition:none}}.apparatus-tax-range input::-webkit-slider-runnable-track{background:var(--mvs-control-edge);height:3px}.apparatus-tax-range input::-moz-range-track{background:var(--mvs-control-edge);height:3px}.apparatus-tax-range input::-webkit-slider-thumb{background:var(--green);border:3px solid var(--paper);box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--green)}.apparatus-tax-range input::-moz-range-thumb{background:var(--green);border:3px solid var(--paper);box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--green)}@media(min-width:1000px){.apparatus-tax-control:before{left:75%}.apparatus-tax-status{grid-column:1;grid-row:1 / span 2}}.apparatus-tax-track{position:relative;min-width:0;height:44px}.apparatus-tax-boundary{position:absolute;left:calc(66% - 4.48px);top:5px;bottom:5px;width:1px;background:var(--mvs-closed);pointer-events:none;z-index:1}.apparatus-tax-boundary i{position:absolute;width:9px;height:9px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--mvs-closed);top:-2px;left:-4px;box-shadow:0 0 0 3px var(--paper)}.apparatus-tax-heading output{padding-bottom:2px}.apparatus-tax-control[data-state=stopping]{border-color:var(--red)}.apparatus-tax-control[data-state=stopping] .apparatus-tax-heading output,.apparatus-tax-control[data-state=stopping] .apparatus-tax-status{color:var(--red)}.apparatus-threshold-skull{position:absolute;top:-31px;left:-13px;width:27px;height:27px;display:block;color:var(--mvs-closed)}.hero-art .motion-toggle{top:74px}@media(min-width:1000px){.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:.85fr 1.15fr;gap:30px}.hero-copy{align-self:start;padding-top:76px}.apparatus{height:429px}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.apparatus{height:275px}.hero-art .motion-toggle{top:61px}}@media(max-width:379.98px){.apparatus{height:245px}}}@layer pages{.journey-footer{align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}.journey-footer>a{min-height:44px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center}[data-journey] main section[id]{scroll-margin-top:var(--anchor-offset,98px)}[data-journey] main :focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:none}@media(max-width:999.98px){.journey-footer{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px}}@media print{.motion-toggle,.journey-footer{display:none}}}@layer pages{.story-first-hero{--factory-copper:var(--copper)}.story-first-hero .explainer-main-title{font:var(--mvs-font-h1)}.factory-narration{padding:0 18px}.story-first-hero .factory-narration .apparatus-title{font:var(--mvs-font-h2);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h2);max-width:850px;margin:0 auto 14px;color:var(--ink);text-wrap:balance}.factory-live-heading{letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h3);min-height:3.15em}.factory-live-task:not([hidden]){display:block;margin-top:8px;font:500 var(--mvs-size-lead)/var(--mvs-leading-lead) var(--sans);color:var(--factory-copper);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-lead);text-wrap:balance}.factory-narration:is([data-state=stopping],[data-state=inactive]) .factory-live-heading{color:var(--red)}.factory-narration:is([data-state=replacing],[data-state=reconnecting],[data-state=cleaning],[data-state=oiling],[data-state=repairing]) .factory-live-heading{color:var(--factory-copper)}.story-first-hero .hero-art{width:100%;max-width:none;margin:0}.factory-instrument{align-items:center}.factory-display{position:relative;min-width:0;container-type:inline-size;container-name:factories}.story-first-hero .apparatus{height:429px;margin:0;scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--header-height) + 8px)}.story-first-hero .apparatus-fallback{overflow:hidden}.factory-control-panel{position:relative;container-type:inline-size;container-name:factory-controls;min-width:0;padding-bottom:0}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control{display:block;width:100%;margin:0;padding:16px 0 0;background:transparent}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control:before{display:none}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading{display:grid;align-items:start;min-height:92px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading label{font:500 var(--mvs-size-body)/var(--mvs-leading-tight) var(--sans);padding-top:2px;overflow-wrap:normal;word-break:normal}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading label span{line-height:var(--mvs-leading-label);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-label);margin:0 0 5px;color:var(--muted)}.factory-state{min-width:0;text-align:right}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading output{display:block;font:500 var(--mvs-size-body)/var(--mvs-leading-tight) var(--sans);min-height:2.4em;padding:0;white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:normal;text-wrap:balance;color:var(--green)}#apparatus-state-note{font:var(--mvs-font-caption);color:var(--muted);margin:5px 0 0;min-height:2.6em;text-wrap:balance}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-range{gap:8px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-scale{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);margin-inline:52px;gap:12px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-scale>span:last-child{text-align:right}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-description{font:var(--mvs-font-caption);color:var(--muted);margin:12px 0 0}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control:is([data-state=stopping],[data-state=inactive]){border-color:var(--red)}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control:is([data-state=stopping],[data-state=inactive]) output{color:var(--red)}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control:is([data-state=cleaning],[data-state=replacing],[data-state=oiling],[data-state=repairing],[data-state=reconnecting]){border-color:var(--factory-copper)}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control:is([data-state=cleaning],[data-state=replacing],[data-state=oiling],[data-state=repairing],[data-state=reconnecting]) output{color:var(--factory-copper)}.story-first-hero .apparatus-replay{min-height:44px;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);max-width:100%;margin:0;text-align:left;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption)}.story-first-hero .motion-toggle{position:absolute;top:8px;z-index:3}.story-first-hero .motion-toggle:focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}.factory-control-panel :is(button,summary):focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note{color:var(--muted);font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);margin:6px 0 0}.factory-state-detail summary,.factory-counter-note summary{min-height:44px;cursor:pointer;padding:11px 0;font:500 var(--mvs-size-caption)/var(--mvs-leading-caption) var(--sans)}.story-first-hero .factory-state-detail .apparatus-tax-status,.factory-counter-note .apparatus-total-description{margin:0 0 16px;font:var(--mvs-font-small);color:var(--ink);text-align:left}.factory-round-notice{font:var(--mvs-font-caption);min-height:5.6em;margin:10px 0 0;color:var(--green);visibility:hidden}.factory-round-notice[data-active=true]{visibility:visible}.factory-static-note{font-size:var(--mvs-size-small);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-small);margin:14px 0;padding:14px;border:1px solid var(--rule);color:var(--ink)}.story-first-hero .factory-scene-footnotes>.stage-footnote{padding:16px 0 24px}@media(max-width:999.98px){.factory-display,.factory-control-panel{max-width:860px;margin-inline:auto}.story-first-hero .apparatus{height:370px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control{background:var(--mvs-enamel);padding:16px 20px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading{min-height:70px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading output{min-height:1.2em}#apparatus-state-note{min-height:1.3em}.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note,.factory-round-notice{margin-inline:20px}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.factory-narration{padding-inline:0}.factory-live-heading{min-height:4.2em}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.story-first-hero .factory-narration .apparatus-title{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h2);margin-bottom:12px}.factory-live-heading{min-height:5.4em}.factory-live-task:not([hidden]){font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);margin-top:7px}.story-first-hero .hero-art{padding-top:0}.story-first-hero .apparatus{height:260px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control{padding:12px 12px 14px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading{grid-template-columns:96px minmax(0,1fr);gap:8px;min-height:82px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading label{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body)}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading output{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-tight);min-height:2.4em}#apparatus-state-note{margin-top:3px;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);min-height:2.6em}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-range{gap:6px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-scale{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);margin-inline:50px;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption)}.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note,.factory-round-notice{margin-inline:0}.factory-round-notice{min-height:4.2em}}@media(max-width:379.98px){.story-first-hero .apparatus{height:224px}.story-first-hero .factory-narration .apparatus-title{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h2)}.factory-live-heading{min-height:6em}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading{grid-template-columns:96px minmax(0,1fr);gap:7px;min-height:90px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-scale{margin-inline:50px;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.story-first-hero *{scroll-behavior:auto}}@media(min-width:1000px){.factory-scene{min-height:calc(100svh - var(--header-height) - 36px)}.factory-narration{width:100%;padding:0}.story-first-hero .factory-narration .apparatus-title{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h2);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h2);margin-bottom:4px;max-width:none}.factory-live-heading{min-height:2.3em}.factory-live-task:not([hidden]){font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-tight);margin-top:4px}.story-first-hero .hero-art{padding:0}.factory-instrument{min-height:0}.factory-display,.factory-control-panel{max-width:none;margin:0}.factory-display{align-self:start}.story-first-hero .apparatus{height:clamp(225px,calc(100svh - 440px),480px)}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control{padding:12px 0 0;background:transparent}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading{min-height:86px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading output{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);min-height:2.4em}#apparatus-state-note{min-height:2.6em}.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note{margin:2px 0 0}.factory-scene-footnotes{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0}.story-first-hero .factory-scene-footnotes>.stage-footnote{padding:6px 0 0}.factory-scene-footnotes .factory-round-notice{min-height:1.4em}.factory-scene-footnotes .factory-round-notice:not([data-active=true]){visibility:hidden}}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){.factory-scene{display:grid}.factory-narration{padding:0}.story-first-hero .factory-narration .apparatus-title{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h3);margin-bottom:4px;max-width:none}.factory-live-heading{min-height:2.4em}.factory-live-task:not([hidden]){font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-tight);margin-top:3px}.story-first-hero .hero-art{padding:0;order:0}.story-first-hero .apparatus{height:clamp(140px,calc(100svh - 606px),260px)}.factory-control-panel{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));column-gap:16px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-control{grid-column:1/-1;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;column-gap:20px;margin:0;padding:10px 0 0;background:transparent}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading{grid-column:1;grid-template-columns:96px minmax(0,1fr);min-height:82px;gap:8px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading label{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body)}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading output{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);min-height:2.4em}#apparatus-state-note{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);min-height:2.6em;margin-top:3px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-range{grid-column:2}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-scale{grid-column:2;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);margin-inline:30px}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-description{grid-column:1/-1;margin:4px 0 0;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption)}.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note{margin:4px 0 0;align-self:start}.factory-state-detail{grid-column:2}.factory-counter-note{grid-column:3}.factory-state-detail summary,.factory-counter-note summary{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);padding-block:8px}.story-first-hero .factory-scene-footnotes>.stage-footnote{padding:6px 0 0}}@media(min-width:700px){.factory-scene-footnotes{display:grid}.factory-scene-footnotes>.stage-footnote,.factory-scene-footnotes>.factory-round-notice{grid-area:1/1}.factory-scene-footnotes>.factory-round-notice{margin:0;min-height:0;padding-top:6px;font:var(--mvs-font-caption)}.factory-scene-footnotes:has(.factory-round-notice[data-active=true])>.stage-footnote{visibility:hidden}}@container factory-controls (max-width:15em){.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);min-height:0;gap:12px}.factory-state{text-align:left}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-heading output,#apparatus-state-note{min-height:0}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-scale{display:block;margin-inline:0}.story-first-hero .apparatus-tax-scale>span{display:block;max-width:100%}}}@layer pages{.pin-factory{--pf-ink:var(--green);--pf-rule:var(--mvs-sage-light);color:var(--pf-ink);font-family:var(--sans);margin-inline:auto;padding-block:40px 54px;scroll-margin-top:100px}.pf-heading{justify-content:space-between}.pf-heading>p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-body);max-width:470px;margin:0}.pf-toolbar{justify-content:space-between;padding:15px 0;border-block:1px solid var(--pf-rule)}.pf-clock{display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:baseline;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);color:var(--muted)}.pf-clock output{font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead);color:var(--pf-ink);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;min-width:64px}.pf-actions{display:flex;gap:18px}.pf-actions button{font:500 var(--mvs-size-caption) var(--sans);min-height:44px;padding:0 4px}.pf-row{padding:27px 0 22px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--pf-rule)}.pf-row-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:24px}.pf-row-heading h3{font:var(--mvs-font-h3);margin:6px 0}.pf-row-heading p{color:var(--muted);margin:0;min-height:21px}.pf-output{white-space:nowrap}.pf-output span{color:var(--muted)}.pf-row-stage{display:grid;align-items:center;gap:14px}.pf-art{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;overflow:hidden}.pf-short-label{display:none}.pf-side{align-self:center;padding-bottom:18px}.pf-staff{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:9px}.pf-staff>span,.pf-fixed span{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label);color:var(--muted)}.pf-staff button{width:50px}.pin-factory button:focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}.pf-fixed{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:4px}.pf-fixed strong{font:400 var(--mvs-size-lead) var(--serif)}@media(max-width:699.98px){.pf-heading>p{margin-top:20px;max-width:580px}.pf-side{padding-bottom:0}.pf-row-heading{gap:12px}.pf-output span{display:block}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.pf-station-labels{font-size:37px}.pf-long-label,.pf-platform-label{display:none}.pf-short-label{display:block}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.pin-factory{padding-block:28px 42px}.pf-heading>p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-small)}.pf-row-heading p{min-height:36px}.pf-art{align-self:center}.pf-row{padding:23px 0}.pf-clock{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label)}.pf-clock output{display:block;font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead)}.pf-actions{gap:14px}.pf-actions button{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}.pf-fixed strong{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3)}}.pf-scene{position:relative;min-width:0}.pf-scene-enhanced,.pf-scene-3d{aspect-ratio:2.75}.pf-canvas{display:block;width:100%;height:100%}.pf-scene-enhanced>.pf-art{height:100%}.pf-scene-3d>.pf-art{display:none}.pf-scene-3d.pf-arriving>.pf-art{display:block}.pf-arriving>.pf-canvas{position:absolute;inset:0}.pf-scene .pf-output{position:absolute;top:3%;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:1px;text-align:center;pointer-events:none}.pf-scene .pf-output output{font:var(--mvs-font-h3);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h3)}.pf-scene .pf-output span{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label)}.pf-machine-label{position:absolute;transform:translate(-50%);font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);white-space:nowrap;color:var(--muted);pointer-events:none}@media(max-width:699.98px){.pf-scene-enhanced,.pf-scene-3d{aspect-ratio:2.65}.pf-machine-label{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label)}}.pf-staff #pf-reset{margin-bottom:3px}@media(max-width:379.98px){.pf-station-labels{font-size:44px}}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){.pf-station-labels{font-size:23px}}@media(min-width:1000px){.pf-station-labels{font-size:21px}}}@layer pages{body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-instrument{gap:26px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 280px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-control-panel{border-bottom:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display>.motion-toggle{left:auto;transform:none}@media(min-width:1000px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .hero-art{align-self:start}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-instrument{align-items:center}}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-instrument{display:block}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-instrument{display:block}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening #apparatus{scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--header-height) + 140px)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-control-panel{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr;align-items:start;gap:8px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control{grid-column:1/-1}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening :is(.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note){margin-top:0;min-width:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening :is(.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note)>summary{min-height:44px;padding:8px 4px;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening :is(.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note)[open]{grid-column:1/-1}}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display>.motion-toggle{top:8px;right:12px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display>.factory-skip{position:absolute;bottom:12px;left:12px;z-index:3;align-items:center;gap:6px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display>.factory-skip[aria-disabled=true]{opacity:.6}@media(max-width:379.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display>.factory-skip{left:auto;right:12px}}@media(min-width:1000px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-instrument{gap:24px}}@media(min-width:1000px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-instrument{--machine-bleed:min(50px,3.4vw);margin-inline:calc(-1 * var(--machine-bleed))}}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus{height:clamp(247px,39.2vw,370px);width:calc(100% + 2 * var(--gutter) - 16px);margin-left:calc(8px - var(--gutter))}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening{--opening-machine-height:325px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus{height:var(--opening-machine-height);width:calc(100% + 2 * var(--gutter) - 4px);margin-left:calc(2px - var(--gutter))}}@media(max-width:379.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening{--opening-machine-height:283px}}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening{padding-bottom:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead{padding:12px 0 52px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-copy{min-width:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-authors{margin:0 0 24px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-authors>span{margin-inline:8px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead .explainer-main-title{margin:0;text-align:left;text-wrap:balance}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-rule{height:1px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,#a8884d,#a8884d20)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-paper-subtitle{margin:0;font:var(--mvs-font-lead);text-align:left;text-wrap:pretty}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-date{font:var(--mvs-font-caption)}body[data-journey=story] :is(.ideas-index a,.ideas-download,.ideas-document-preview):focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}body[data-journey=story] #machines{scroll-margin-top:var(--anchor-offset,98px)}body[data-journey=story] .factory-scene{min-height:0;grid-template-rows:auto auto auto auto;gap:0;margin-top:0;border-top:0;padding-top:0}body[data-journey=story] .factory-narration{padding:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-tax-instruction{text-align:left;font:500 var(--mvs-size-body)/var(--mvs-leading-body) var(--sans);color:var(--ink);text-wrap:pretty}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-section-heading{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr);align-items:end;column-gap:64px;row-gap:20px;margin:0 0 32px;text-align:left}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-section-kicker{margin:0 0 12px;font:var(--mvs-font-label)}body[data-journey=story] :is(.ideas-opening,.pin-factory) .ideas-section-heading h2{margin:0;font:var(--mvs-font-h1);text-wrap:balance}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-section-heading>div:only-child{grid-column:1/-1}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-section-heading>div:only-child h2{max-width:none}body[data-journey=story] .factory-live-heading{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:2.5em;font:400 var(--mvs-size-lead)/var(--mvs-leading-tight) var(--serif);text-wrap:balance;color:var(--green)}body[data-journey=story] .factory-live-task:not([hidden]){font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-body)}body[data-journey=story] .factory-scene-footnotes{margin:24px auto 0;text-align:left}body[data-journey=story] .factory-scene-footnotes .stage-footnote{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;text-align:left}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-machine-scope{margin:12px 0 0}body[data-journey=story] #apparatus-replay{overflow-wrap:anywhere}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-takeaway{max-width:760px;margin:28px auto 0;text-align:left}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-takeaway>strong{display:block;font-weight:500}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-takeaway>p{margin:8px 0 0;font:inherit}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-reading-note{max-width:760px;margin:16px auto 0;font:var(--mvs-font-caption);text-align:left;color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .factory-state-detail .ideas-reading-note{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);margin-top:12px}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory{width:min(1536px,calc(100% - 48px));margin:var(--ideas-space) auto 0;padding:var(--ideas-space) 0 0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-heading{margin-bottom:32px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row{padding-block:12px 10px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-stage{margin-top:4px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(var(--pf-control-width,64px),max-content)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-staff button{min-width:1.8em}body[data-journey=story] .pf-staff #pf-reset{min-width:3.5em}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-stage{--pf-control-width:44px}}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading h3{margin-block:4px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-small);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-small);min-height:1.5em;max-width:760px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-factory-context{font:var(--mvs-font-body);text-wrap:pretty}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-comparison-guide{font:var(--mvs-font-caption);color:var(--muted);text-wrap:pretty}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:16px;align-items:center}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .ideas-comparison-guide{max-width:none;margin:0;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);text-align:center}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .ideas-comparison-guide :is(strong,span){display:block}body[data-journey=story] .pf-parts-key{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:12px;max-width:760px;padding:0;margin:24px auto 0;list-style:none;color:var(--green)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-parts-key li{position:relative;min-width:0;text-align:center;font:var(--mvs-font-small);overflow-wrap:anywhere;hyphens:auto}body[data-journey=story] .pf-parts-key svg{display:block;width:96px;max-width:100%;height:48px;margin:0 auto 4px;overflow:visible}body[data-journey=story] .pf-parts-key li:not(:last-child):after{content:"\2192";position:absolute;right:-15px;top:11px;font:var(--mvs-font-body);color:var(--copper)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote{max-width:760px;margin:40px auto;padding:0 0 0 24px;border-left:3px solid var(--copper);text-align:left}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote blockquote{margin:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote blockquote p{margin:0;font:var(--mvs-font-lead);color:var(--green);text-wrap:pretty}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote blockquote strong{font-weight:500}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote figcaption{display:flex;align-items:baseline;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px 12px;margin-top:14px;font:var(--mvs-font-caption);color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote cite{font-style:normal}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote a{color:var(--mvs-link);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:3px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote a:hover{color:var(--mvs-link-hover)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote a:focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote .ideas-quote-translation{flex-basis:100%;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer{margin:var(--ideas-space) auto;padding:64px;background:var(--mvs-soft);display:grid;grid-template-rows:auto auto;align-content:center}body[data-journey=story] .explainer-heading{grid-area:heading;min-width:0}body[data-journey=story] .explainer-preview{grid-area:preview;align-self:center;min-width:0}body[data-journey=story] .explainer-action{grid-area:action;align-self:start;min-width:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-eyebrow{font:var(--mvs-font-label);margin:0 0 18px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-eyebrow>span{margin-right:16px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview{display:block;color:var(--green);text-decoration:none}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview img{height:auto;background:var(--mvs-panel);box-shadow:4px 4px 0 var(--mvs-enamel-lo),0 14px 28px #19352e12}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview>span{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;padding-top:16px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview:hover>span{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer h2{font:var(--mvs-font-h1);margin:0 0 22px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer-description{margin:0;text-wrap:pretty}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-paper-byline span{margin-inline:5px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-download{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-download svg{flex:0 0 24px;width:24px;height:24px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-download-meta{font:var(--mvs-font-caption);margin:10px 0 0}@media(min-width:1000px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-section-heading{column-gap:32px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-section-kicker{margin-bottom:6px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-live-heading{min-height:2.1em}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus{height:clamp(320px,calc(100svh - var(--header-height) - var(--machine-narration-height,260px) - 24px),920px)}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory{--pf-heading-width:clamp(200px,18vw,240px);--pf-scene-height:clamp(262px,calc((100svh - var(--header-height) - 112px)/2),420px)}body[data-journey=story] :is(.pf-toolbar,.pf-lines){width:100%;max-width:calc(var(--pf-scene-height)*2.75 + var(--pf-heading-width) + 102px);margin-inline:auto}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar{padding-block:8px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:var(--pf-heading-width) minmax(0,1fr);column-gap:24px;align-items:center;padding-block:6px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading{min-width:0}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading>div{width:100%}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading h3{text-wrap:balance}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading p{text-wrap:pretty}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-stage{min-width:0;min-height:262px;margin:0}}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .factory-live-heading{min-height:2.6em}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory{width:calc(100% - 32px)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-small)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer{padding:40px}}@media(max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-section-heading{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:20px}}@media(max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead{padding-bottom:40px}body[data-journey=story] :is(.explainer-heading,.explainer-action){justify-self:center}body[data-journey=story] .explainer-preview{justify-self:center}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead{padding-bottom:32px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-authors>span{margin-inline:5px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-section-heading{gap:16px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-section-kicker{margin-bottom:10px}body[data-journey=story] .factory-live-heading{min-height:3.5em}body[data-journey=story] .factory-live-task:not([hidden]){font-size:var(--mvs-size-body)}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory{width:calc(100% - 16px)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading{padding-inline:8px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading h3{min-height:2.4em}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-small);min-height:3em;max-width:100%}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row[data-pf-line=specialised] .pf-row-heading h3{min-height:1.2em}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row[data-pf-line=specialised] .pf-row-heading p{min-height:1.5em}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory>:is(.pf-legend,.pf-note,.pf-parts-key,.ideas-takeaway,.ideas-reading-note,.ideas-factory-context,.ideas-comparison-guide,.ideas-scale-bridge,.ideas-burden-bridge,.ideas-growth-bridge,.ideas-final-conclusion){margin-inline:8px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .ideas-comparison-guide{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:2;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-stage{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:6px;margin:10px -4px 0}body[data-journey=story] .pf-side{width:100%;padding:0 8px;box-sizing:border-box}body[data-journey=story] .pf-staff{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-end;align-items:center;gap:8px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-staff>span{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label);margin-right:auto}body[data-journey=story] .pf-staff button{flex:0 0 auto;width:44px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-staff #pf-reset{width:56px;margin:0}body[data-journey=story] .pf-fixed{flex-direction:row;justify-content:flex-end;align-items:baseline;gap:6px;min-height:28px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-fixed span{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row[data-pf-line=specialised] .pf-side{display:none}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote{margin:32px 8px;padding-left:18px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote blockquote p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer{padding:24px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-eyebrow{margin-bottom:16px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-download{gap:14px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-download{transition:none}}@media print{body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer{break-inside:avoid;background:none;grid-template-columns:220px 1fr;grid-template-areas:"preview heading" "preview action";gap:24px;padding:24px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview img{box-shadow:none}}@media(min-width:1440px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-instrument{margin-inline:0}}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display{padding-bottom:16px}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readouts{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));justify-items:center;gap:12px;pointer-events:none;font-family:var(--sans)}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readouts[data-projected=true]{position:absolute;inset:0;display:block}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readout{position:relative;width:100%;max-width:220px;height:66px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:3fr 4fr;gap:8px;transform-origin:0 0;text-align:center;padding:6px 8px;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;background:linear-gradient(175deg,var(--mvs-panel),var(--mvs-enamel));box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 var(--mvs-panel),2px 3px 0 var(--rule),3px 5px 5px #1b241f30;z-index:1}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readouts[data-projected=true] .machine-readout{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:220px;padding:3px 5px;border-color:transparent;border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none}body[data-journey=story] .machine-meter{min-width:0;position:relative;height:100%}body[data-journey=story] .machine-meter-caption{display:block;height:20px;margin:0;font:500 var(--mvs-size-caption)/var(--mvs-leading-caption) var(--sans);letter-spacing:0;color:var(--mvs-groove);white-space:nowrap}body[data-journey=story] .machine-meter-screen{height:100%;padding:3px 5px;border:1px solid var(--mvs-screen-edge);border-radius:3px;background:linear-gradient(155deg,#171717,#070707 50%,#101010);box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px #0005,inset 0 1px 3px #000a;overflow:hidden}body[data-journey=story] .machine-digits{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:visible}body[data-journey=story] .machine-segment{fill:var(--mvs-led-dim);stroke:var(--mvs-led-dim-edge);stroke-width:.2}body[data-journey=story] .machine-segment.is-lit{fill:var(--mvs-led-on);stroke:var(--mvs-led-on-edge);stroke-width:.35;filter:drop-shadow(0 0 1.2px var(--mvs-led-glow))}@media(max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display{padding-bottom:12px}}@media print{body[data-journey=story] .machine-meter-screen{print-color-adjust:exact;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact}}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readout-assembly{width:100%;max-width:220px}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readout-labels{width:220px;max-width:100%;height:20px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:3fr 4fr;gap:8px;padding:0 8px;text-align:center;transform-origin:0 0}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readouts[data-projected=true] .machine-readout-assembly{display:contents}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readouts[data-projected=true] .machine-readout-labels{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;max-width:none}body[data-journey=story] .machine-reset-hit{position:absolute;left:50%;top:90%;z-index:3;min-width:44px;min-height:44px;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:50%;background:transparent;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);cursor:pointer;visibility:hidden}body[data-journey=story] .machine-reset-hit[data-positioned=true]{visibility:visible}body[data-journey=story] .machine-reset-hit:focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}body[data-journey=story] .machine-reset-hit:active{background:#c2412c20}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readout[data-powered=false] .machine-segment{fill:var(--mvs-led-off);stroke:var(--mvs-led-off-edge);filter:none}body[data-journey=story] [data-machine-readout=scenario]:after,body[data-journey=story] [data-machine-readout-labels=scenario]:after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;pointer-events:none;opacity:var(--display-dust,0);background:radial-gradient(ellipse at 28% 35%,#d0ccbb88,transparent 62%),radial-gradient(circle,#89887990 .65px,transparent .9px) 0 0/3px 3px,linear-gradient(155deg,#c4c1b2f2,#aaa99cf2);border-radius:2px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control .ideas-tax-instruction{max-width:none;margin:8px 0 0;font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-body)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-tax-instruction+.apparatus-tax-range{margin-top:32px}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-heading{grid-row:1/4}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control .ideas-tax-instruction{grid-column:2;grid-row:1;margin-top:0;font-size:var(--mvs-size-small);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-small)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-range{grid-row:2}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-scale{grid-row:3}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-description{grid-row:4}}@media(max-width:699.98px)and (min-height:620px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening{--opening-machine-height:min(325px,72vw)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display{position:sticky;top:var(--site-header-height,89px);z-index:4;background:var(--paper)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display{transition:transform var(--mvs-motion-ui) var(--mvs-ease-standard)}html[data-header-collapsed] body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display{transform:translateY(calc(-1 * var(--site-header-height,89px)))}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display:after{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:100%;height:16px;background:linear-gradient(var(--paper),transparent);pointer-events:none}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control{display:flex;flex-direction:column}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control .ideas-tax-instruction{order:-1;margin:0 0 16px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-control-panel :is(input,button,summary,a){scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--opening-machine-height) + 12px)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-range input,body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-range button{scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--opening-machine-height) + 140px)}}}@layer pages{.ideas-argument{color:var(--arg-ink)}.argument-chapter{margin:100px auto 0;padding:68px clamp(24px,4vw,64px) 0;border-top:1px solid var(--arg-rule);scroll-margin-top:var(--anchor-offset,100px)}.argument-heading h2{margin:0;font:var(--mvs-font-h1)}.argument-layout{display:grid;align-items:start}.argument-step{position:relative;padding:40px 0 44px 26px;border-left:1px solid var(--arg-rule);scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--anchor-offset,100px) + 28px)}.argument-step:before{position:absolute;top:48px;left:-4px;content:"";width:7px;height:7px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--arg-copper)}.argument-step-number{display:block;margin-bottom:14px;font:600 var(--mvs-size-label)/1 var(--sans);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.argument-step h3{margin:0 0 18px;font:var(--mvs-font-h3);text-wrap:balance}.argument-step p{max-width:47ch;margin:0}.argument-method-link{display:inline-block;margin-top:20px;min-height:44px;padding-block:10px;font:500 var(--mvs-size-small)/var(--mvs-leading-small) var(--sans)}.argument-method-link:focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}.argument-visual{min-width:0;width:100%;margin:0}.argument-figure-top{align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;border-top:1px solid var(--arg-rule);padding-top:16px;font:var(--mvs-font-label);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-label);color:var(--arg-muted)}.argument-scroll-cue{display:none;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;font-size:var(--mvs-size-label)}.argument-chart{position:relative}.argument-chart>svg{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;overflow:visible}.argument-figure-status{position:relative;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;min-height:56px;border-top:1px solid var(--arg-rule);font:500 var(--mvs-size-caption)/var(--mvs-leading-caption) var(--sans)}.argument-figure-status>[data-argument-current-label]{max-width:85%}.argument-figure-status>[data-argument-current-number]{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label);white-space:nowrap;color:var(--arg-muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.argument-progress{position:absolute;top:-1px;left:0;right:0;height:2px;overflow:hidden}.argument-progress i{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;background:var(--arg-copper);transform-origin:left;transform:scaleX(1)}.argument-visual figcaption{max-width:64ch}@media(min-width:1000px)and (min-height:700px){.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-visual{position:sticky}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-step{min-height:42svh;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;padding-block:45px}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-step:before{top:50%}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-step[data-active=true]{border-left-color:var(--arg-green)}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-step[data-active=true]:before{background:var(--arg-green);box-shadow:0 0 0 5px #28584b14}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-scroll-cue{display:block}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.argument-chapter{padding:48px 24px 0}.argument-step{padding-left:20px}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.argument-layout{flex-direction:column}.argument-visual{order:-1;margin-inline:auto}.argument-steps{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:22px}.argument-step{padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px}.argument-step:before{top:20px}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.argument-chapter{padding:36px 20px 0}.argument-figure-top{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label);padding-top:12px}.argument-chart{margin:14px -8px 0}.argument-chart>svg{width:calc(100% + 0px)}.argument-figure-status{min-height:52px}.argument-steps{display:block}.argument-step{padding:18px 0 26px 20px}.argument-step:before{top:25px}.argument-step h3{max-width:24ch}.argument-step p{max-width:none}}@media(max-width:379.98px){.argument-chapter{padding-inline:16px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.argument-scroll-cue,.argument-figure-status{display:none}}@media print{.argument-chapter{margin:28px 0;padding:20px 0 0;break-inside:auto}.argument-layout{display:block}.argument-step{break-inside:avoid;padding:12px 0 12px 20px}.argument-visual{max-width:650px;margin:20px auto;break-inside:avoid}.argument-figure-status,.argument-scroll-cue{display:none}}.argument-mobile-axis,.argument-mobile-key{display:none}@media(max-width:699.98px){.argument-mobile-axis{display:block;font:500 var(--mvs-size-caption)/var(--mvs-leading-caption) var(--sans);color:var(--arg-muted)}.argument-x-axis{text-align:right;margin-top:0}.argument-scale-caption{display:grid}.argument-mobile-key{display:grid;gap:7px;margin:15px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none;font:var(--mvs-font-caption)}.argument-mobile-key li:before{content:"";display:inline-block;width:23px;height:3px;margin-right:9px;vertical-align:middle;background:var(--arg-muted)}.argument-mobile-key .key-gain:before{background:var(--arg-green)}.argument-chart{margin-block:6px 0}.argument-chart svg text{display:none}.argument-figure-status{display:none}.argument-chart svg [data-arg-trace]{vector-effect:non-scaling-stroke;stroke-width:2.5px}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.argument-chart svg:not(.ideas-narrative-svg) [data-arg-reveal]:has(text),.argument-history [data-history-note]{display:none}}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step .ideas-quote{margin:26px 0 0}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step .ideas-quote blockquote p{font:var(--mvs-font-h3);max-width:32ch}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step .ideas-quote figcaption{margin-top:12px}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step .ideas-quote-translation{font-size:var(--mvs-size-label)}.argument-source{margin-top:14px;font:var(--mvs-font-caption);color:var(--arg-muted);max-width:66ch}.argument-source summary{cursor:pointer;min-height:36px;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}.argument-source p{margin:10px 0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.argument-source a{display:inline-block;min-height:36px;margin:4px 16px 0 0;color:var(--mvs-link);text-underline-offset:4px}.argument-source summary:focus-visible,.argument-source a:focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}body[data-journey=story] .factory-scene>.ideas-work-bridge{max-width:760px;margin:24px auto 0;padding-inline:24px;font:var(--mvs-font-body);color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory>.ideas-work-bridge{margin:24px auto 0;font:var(--mvs-font-body);color:var(--muted)}.argument-lantern-resolution{max-width:760px;margin:32px auto}.argument-lantern-resolution svg{display:block;width:100%;height:auto}.argument-lantern-resolution figcaption{margin-top:12px;font:var(--mvs-font-small);color:var(--arg-muted)}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-lantern-resolution{display:none}@media(max-width:999.98px),(max-height:699.98px){.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-visual{position:sticky;top:var(--header-height,98px);z-index:2;background:var(--paper);padding:0 0 8px;box-shadow:-12px 0 0 var(--paper),12px 0 0 var(--paper)}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-chart{margin:0}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-chart svg{max-height:clamp(140px,30svh,260px)}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-figure-top,.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-mobile-key{display:none}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) :is(.argument-visual>figcaption,.argument-inspection-help){position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip-path:inset(50%)}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-figure-status{display:flex;min-height:38px;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);padding-top:6px}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-steps{display:block}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-step{padding-block:30px}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.argument-source{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}}.argument-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(270px,.68fr) minmax(0,1.45fr);gap:clamp(32px,4vw,64px)}.argument-visual{padding-top:0}.argument-figure-top{display:none}.argument-chart{margin-top:0}.argument-figure-status{min-height:44px;padding-top:8px}.argument-visual figcaption{margin-top:6px}.argument-chart[data-scene-ready=true]:not([data-scene-step="2"])>svg{opacity:0}.argument-scene-canvas{position:absolute;inset:0;display:block;width:100%;height:100%;pointer-events:none;opacity:0}.argument-chart[data-scene-ready=true]:not([data-scene-step="2"])>.argument-scene-canvas{opacity:1}.argument-resolution-chart{position:relative}.argument-data-cursor{pointer-events:none}.argument-data-cursor path{fill:none;stroke:var(--copper);stroke-width:1.4;stroke-dasharray:3 5}.argument-data-cursor circle{fill:var(--paper);stroke:var(--green);stroke-width:3}.argument-data-readout{position:absolute;top:14%;right:6%;padding:8px 12px;background:#f4f0e8f5;color:var(--ink);border-bottom:2px solid var(--copper);font:500 var(--mvs-size-body)/var(--mvs-leading-body) var(--sans);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;pointer-events:none}.argument-inspection-help{margin:8px 0 10px}.argument-history .argument-chart>svg:focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}@media(min-width:1000px)and (min-height:700px){.argument-visual svg{max-height:calc(100svh - var(--header-height,78px) - 132px)}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-visual{top:calc(var(--header-height,78px) + 12px)}}@media(max-width:999.98px){.argument-layout{display:flex;gap:22px}.argument-visual{max-width:800px}}@media(max-width:699.98px){.argument-chart{margin-inline:-12px}.argument-lantern-resolution .argument-chart{margin-inline:0}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-chart svg{max-height:clamp(124px,26svh,224px)}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-visual{padding-bottom:6px}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-figure-status{min-height:34px;padding-top:5px;gap:8px;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);align-items:baseline}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) [data-argument-current-label]{flex:1;min-width:0;max-width:none;height:calc(2em * var(--mvs-leading-caption));display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;overflow:hidden}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) [data-argument-current-number]{flex:none;padding-top:1px}}@media(max-width:699.98px)and (max-height:619.98px){.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-chart svg{max-height:24svh}}.argument-chapter{position:relative}.argument-anchor{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:1px;height:1px;pointer-events:none;scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--anchor-offset,100px) + 28px)}@media(min-width:1000px)and (min-height:700px){.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-steps{padding-bottom:22svh}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-history .argument-steps{padding-bottom:50svh}}.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] .argument-lantern .argument-steps{padding-bottom:50svh}@media(max-width:999.98px),(max-height:699.98px){.ideas-argument[data-scroll-motion=on] :is(.argument-lantern,.argument-history) .argument-steps{padding-bottom:20svh}}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){.argument-chapter .argument-steps{grid-template-columns:repeat(var(--argument-step-count),minmax(0,1fr))}.argument-history .argument-step{max-width:760px}}.argument-chart-head{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px}.argument-chart-head>.argument-mobile-axis{margin:0}.argument-scale-caption>*{grid-area:1/1}.argument-scale-caption[data-scale=linear]>[data-scale-caption=log],.argument-scale-caption[data-scale=log]>[data-scale-caption=linear]{visibility:hidden}.argument-scale{display:flex;gap:4px;margin-left:auto}.argument-scale-button{min-height:44px;padding:8px 14px;font:500 var(--mvs-size-label)/var(--mvs-leading-label) var(--sans)}.argument-notes{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(270px,.68fr) minmax(0,1.45fr);column-gap:clamp(32px,4vw,64px)}.argument-notes>.argument-source{grid-column:2}@media(max-width:999.98px){.argument-notes{display:block;max-width:800px;margin-inline:auto}}}@layer pages{body[data-journey=story]{--ideas-space:var(--mvs-section-gap)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-argument{--arg-ink:var(--ink);--arg-green:var(--green);--arg-muted:var(--muted);--arg-copper:var(--copper);--arg-rule:var(--rule)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening{max-width:var(--mvs-page-width);padding-top:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.45fr) minmax(280px,.8fr);gap:clamp(40px,6vw,88px);padding-block:44px 32px;align-items:center}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-authors{margin-bottom:18px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-authors>span{color:var(--copper)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead .explainer-main-title{font-size:var(--mvs-size-display);font-weight:400;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h1);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h1);margin-block:16px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-rule{height:1px;margin:18px 0;background:var(--copper)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-paper-subtitle{max-width:34ch}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-date{letter-spacing:0;color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-central-question{padding:0 0 24px;border:0}body[data-journey=story] :is(.ideas-section-kicker,.pf-row-kicker){font-size:var(--mvs-size-label);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-label);color:var(--copper)}body[data-journey=story] :is(.ideas-opening,.pin-factory) .ideas-section-heading h2{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h1);font-weight:400;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h1);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h1)}body[data-journey=story] .argument-chapter{max-width:var(--mvs-page-width);margin-top:64px;padding:64px var(--mvs-gutter) 0}body[data-journey=story] .argument-heading{max-width:none;margin-bottom:30px}body[data-journey=story] .argument-heading .ideas-section-kicker{display:flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px;margin-bottom:30px}body[data-journey=story] .argument-heading .ideas-section-kicker:before{content:none}body[data-journey=story] .argument-chapter .argument-heading h2{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h1);font-weight:400;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h1);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h1);max-width:20ch}body[data-journey=story] :is(.argument-scope,.argument-step p,.ideas-factory-context,.ideas-work-bridge){font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-body);color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .argument-chapter .argument-step h3{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3);font-weight:400;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h3);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h3);margin-bottom:10px}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step-number{color:var(--copper);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-label)}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step>p strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}body[data-journey=story] .argument-visual :is(figcaption,.argument-source){font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .argument-figure-status{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step .ideas-quote{margin-block:28px 0;border-color:var(--copper);border-left-width:2px;padding:4px 0 4px 22px}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step .ideas-quote blockquote p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3);font-weight:400;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h3);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h3);color:var(--ink)}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step .ideas-quote figcaption{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer{--ideas-cover:280px;width:min(var(--mvs-document-width),calc(100% - 2 * var(--mvs-gutter)));margin-block:var(--mvs-section-gap);padding:var(--mvs-document-padding);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,var(--ideas-cover)) minmax(0,1fr);grid-template-areas:"eyebrow eyebrow" "preview heading" "preview action";column-gap:var(--mvs-document-gap);row-gap:0;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:var(--mvs-radius);background:var(--mvs-panel);box-shadow:var(--mvs-shadow);color:var(--ink)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer-description{max-width:40ch;font:var(--mvs-font-body);color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview{width:100%;max-width:var(--ideas-cover);margin:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border:1px solid var(--rule);box-shadow:var(--mvs-cover-shadow)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview>span{color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-paper-byline{font:500 var(--mvs-size-body)/var(--mvs-leading-body) var(--sans);color:var(--ink)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-download-meta{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);color:var(--muted)}@media(min-width:1000px)and (min-height:700px){body[data-journey=story] .argument-visual svg{max-height:calc(100svh - var(--header-height,78px) - 164px)}}@media(max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .argument-chapter{margin-top:48px;padding-top:48px}body[data-journey=story] .argument-chapter .argument-step h3{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3)}}@media(max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px;padding-block:32px 28px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead .explainer-main-title{max-width:20ch}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer{--ideas-cover:230px;grid-template-columns:1fr;grid-template-areas:"eyebrow" "heading" "preview" "action";row-gap:24px;padding:24px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview{margin-inline:auto}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer-description{max-width:none}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead{gap:24px;padding-block:28px 24px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-central-question{padding-block:0 24px}body[data-journey=story] .argument-heading{margin-bottom:30px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer-description{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-body)}}@media print{body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead{padding-block:24px;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}body[data-journey=story] :is(.argument-chapter,.argument-conclusion){margin:24px 0;padding:24px 0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer{width:100%;box-shadow:none;background:none;break-inside:avoid;padding:24px;grid-template-columns:220px 1fr;grid-template-areas:"eyebrow eyebrow" "preview heading" "preview action";gap:24px}}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step>p+p{margin-top:16px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-work-bridge[id]{position:relative;scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--anchor-offset,100px) + 28px)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-work-bridge>span[id]{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:1px;height:1px;scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--anchor-offset,100px) + 28px)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote blockquote{font-family:var(--serif)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-quote figcaption{font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption)}body[data-journey=story] .machine-readouts[data-projected=true]{overflow:clip;overflow-clip-margin:2px}body[data-journey=story] .argument-chapter .argument-step>p{font:var(--mvs-font-body);color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer>.ideas-eyebrow{grid-area:eyebrow;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin:0 0 24px;padding-bottom:22px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);font:var(--mvs-font-label);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-label);color:var(--copper)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer .explainer-heading{align-self:end;width:100%;max-width:none;padding:0;margin:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer .explainer-action{width:100%;max-width:none;margin-top:24px;padding:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer h2{margin-bottom:22px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer .ideas-explainer-action{max-width:400px;margin-top:26px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-paper-byline{margin:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-paper-byline span{color:var(--copper)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-document-preview>span{font:var(--mvs-font-caption);margin-top:14px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-download-meta{margin-top:14px;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-caption);letter-spacing:0}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory>.pf-heading{width:min(calc(var(--mvs-page-width) - 2 * var(--mvs-gutter)),calc(100vw - 2 * var(--mvs-gutter)));max-width:100%;margin-inline:auto}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory{margin-top:64px;padding-top:64px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3);font-weight:400;line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h3);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h3);color:var(--ink)}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory .ideas-section-heading h2{color:var(--ink)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-takeaway{font:var(--mvs-font-h3);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h3);color:var(--ink)}@media(max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory{margin-top:48px;padding-top:48px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading h3{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3)}body[data-journey=story] .argument-chapter .argument-step>p{font-size:var(--mvs-size-body)}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer>.ideas-eyebrow{margin-bottom:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer .explainer-action{margin-top:0}}@media(min-width:700px)and (max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] :is(.argument-chapter .argument-step h3,.pf-row-heading h3){font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3)}}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-scale>span{flex:1 1 0;min-width:0;max-width:100%;overflow-wrap:anywhere}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading>div{min-width:0;max-width:100%;overflow-wrap:anywhere}body[data-journey=story] .argument-steps{width:100%;max-width:100%;min-width:0}body[data-journey=story] .argument-step{min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-title-emphasis{white-space:nowrap}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-copy{text-align:left}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-explainer{box-shadow:none;background:transparent}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-factory-context{text-align:left;margin:0 var(--mvs-gutter) 24px}@media(min-width:1000px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-factory-context{margin-left:max(var(--mvs-gutter),calc((100% - var(--mvs-page-width) + 2 * var(--mvs-gutter))/2))}}@media(max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .pf-heading{margin-bottom:20px}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead .explainer-main-title{max-width:18ch}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-factory-context{margin:0 var(--mvs-gutter) 18px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar{padding-block:8px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row{padding-block:14px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading p{min-height:0}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory{padding-top:32px;margin-top:32px}body[data-journey=story] .pin-factory>.pf-heading{margin-bottom:14px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-row-heading h3{min-height:0}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar{gap:6px 12px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-clock{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:12px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-clock output{margin:0}}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-masthead{display:block;padding:20px 0 40px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-masthead-date{display:block;margin:18px 0 0;font-size:var(--mvs-size-caption)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-primary-action{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;margin-top:26px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-primary-arrow{display:inline-block;font-size:var(--mvs-size-body);line-height:1;transition:transform var(--mvs-motion-ui) var(--mvs-ease-standard)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-primary-action:hover .ideas-primary-arrow{transform:translate(3px)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-primary-action:focus-visible{outline:var(--mvs-focus-width) solid var(--mvs-focus);outline-offset:var(--mvs-focus-offset)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-central-question{max-width:34ch;margin:0 0 10px;padding:0;font:var(--mvs-font-lead);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-lead);text-align:left;text-wrap:balance;color:var(--ink)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-display{padding-bottom:8px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-narration{margin:8px 0 0;padding:0;max-width:none;text-align:left}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-live-heading{justify-content:flex-start;max-width:none;margin:0;font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-tight);text-align:left}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-live-task:not([hidden]){font-size:var(--mvs-size-body)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-control-panel{margin-top:14px}body[data-journey=story] .factory-notes{margin-top:clamp(40px,6vw,72px)}body[data-journey=story] .factory-notes>.ideas-section-heading{display:block;margin:0 0 24px}body[data-journey=story] .factory-notes>.ideas-section-heading h2{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h1)}body[data-journey=story] .factory-notes>*:not(.ideas-section-heading){max-width:68ch;margin-inline:0}body[data-journey=story] .factory-notes .factory-scene-footnotes{margin-top:0}body[data-journey=story] .factory-notes :is(.stage-footnote,.ideas-machine-scope){font:var(--mvs-font-body);color:var(--muted)}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-masthead{padding:16px 0 28px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-authors{margin-bottom:12px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead .explainer-main-title{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h1);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-h1)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead-rule{margin-block:14px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-paper-subtitle{font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-lead)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-masthead-date{margin-top:14px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-primary-action{margin-top:18px}}@media(max-width:379.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead .explainer-main-title{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h1)}}@media(max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-primary-arrow{transform:rotate(90deg)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-primary-action:hover .ideas-primary-arrow{transform:rotate(90deg) translate(3px)}}@media(min-width:1000px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,38fr) minmax(0,62fr);column-gap:clamp(40px,4.4vw,80px);align-items:center;padding-top:24px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening>.ideas-masthead{grid-column:1;grid-row:1;padding:0 0 24px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening>.factory-scene{grid-column:2;grid-row:1;display:block;min-width:0;min-height:0;margin:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening>.factory-notes{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:2;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,38fr) minmax(0,62fr);column-gap:clamp(40px,4.4vw,80px);align-items:start}body[data-journey=story] .factory-notes>.ideas-section-heading{grid-column:1;grid-row:1/span 3;margin:0}body[data-journey=story] .factory-notes>*:not(.ideas-section-heading){grid-column:2}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-masthead .explainer-main-title{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h1);max-width:none}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-paper-subtitle{font-size:var(--mvs-size-lead);max-width:none}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .hero-art{container-type:inline-size;width:auto;margin:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-instrument{display:block;width:auto;margin:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-live-heading{display:block;min-height:1.25em}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-live-heading>span:not([hidden]){display:inline-block}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-live-task:not([hidden]){font-size:inherit;font-style:italic}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-live-task:not([hidden]):before{content:"\2014  ";font-style:normal}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus{width:100%;margin:0;height:clamp(var(--opening-machine-min,260px),calc(100svh - var(--header-height) - var(--machine-surround-height,330px) - var(--opening-after,80px)),calc(63.5cqw + 8px))}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-control-panel{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));column-gap:28px;align-items:start}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control{grid-column:1/-1;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(150px,190px) minmax(0,1fr);column-gap:28px;align-items:start}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control .ideas-tax-instruction{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:1;max-width:none;margin:0;font-size:var(--mvs-size-small);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-small)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-heading{grid-column:1;grid-row:2/5;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:8px;min-height:0;margin-top:10px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-state{text-align:left}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-tax-instruction+.apparatus-tax-range{grid-column:2;grid-row:2;margin-top:30px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-scale{grid-column:2;grid-row:3}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-description{grid-column:2;grid-row:4;margin-top:4px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening :is(.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note){margin-top:6px;min-width:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening :is(.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note)[open]{grid-column:1/-1}}@media(min-width:1000px)and (max-height:799.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening{--opening-machine-min:236px}}@media(min-width:1000px)and (max-height:799.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening{--opening-after:68px;padding-top:12px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control .ideas-tax-instruction{font-size:var(--mvs-size-small);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-small)}}body[data-journey=story]{--brass-hi:var(--mvs-brass-hi);--brass:var(--mvs-brass);--brass-lo:var(--copper);--enamel:var(--mvs-enamel);--enamel-lo:var(--mvs-enamel-lo);--groove:var(--mvs-groove);--lamp-off:var(--mvs-sage)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control{position:relative;padding:14px 18px 12px;border:1px solid var(--mvs-plate-edge);border-top:1px solid var(--mvs-plate-edge);border-radius:10px;background:radial-gradient(circle at 9px 9px,var(--brass-lo) 0 1.2px,var(--brass) 1.6px 3px,transparent 3.6px),radial-gradient(circle at calc(100% - 9px) 9px,var(--brass-lo) 0 1.2px,var(--brass) 1.6px 3px,transparent 3.6px),radial-gradient(circle at 9px calc(100% - 9px),var(--brass-lo) 0 1.2px,var(--brass) 1.6px 3px,transparent 3.6px),radial-gradient(circle at calc(100% - 9px) calc(100% - 9px),var(--brass-lo) 0 1.2px,var(--brass) 1.6px 3px,transparent 3.6px),linear-gradient(180deg,var(--enamel),var(--enamel-lo));box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 var(--mvs-panel),inset 0 -1px 0 var(--mvs-plate-edge),0 1px 0 var(--mvs-panel),0 10px 24px -20px var(--mvs-engraving)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control:is([data-state=stopping],[data-state=inactive]){border-color:var(--mvs-plate-edge)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-state{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,max-content);justify-content:var(--state-align,end);column-gap:10px;align-items:center}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-state>:not(.apparatus-lamp){grid-column:2}@media(min-width:1000px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .factory-state{--state-align:start}}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-lamp{grid-row:1;width:16px;height:16px;border-radius:50%;background:radial-gradient(circle at 35% 30%,#ffffffcc 0 2px,transparent 4px),radial-gradient(circle,var(--lamp) 0 55%,color-mix(in srgb,var(--lamp) 70%,#000) 100%);box-shadow:0 0 0 2px var(--brass),0 0 0 3px var(--brass-lo),0 0 10px 1px color-mix(in srgb,var(--lamp) 55%,transparent);transition:--lamp var(--mvs-motion-state) var(--mvs-ease-standard),box-shadow var(--mvs-motion-state) var(--mvs-ease-standard)}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-control:is([data-state=running],[data-state=draining],[data-state=empty]) .apparatus-lamp{--lamp:var(--mvs-lamp-on)}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-control:is([data-state=cleaning],[data-state=replacing],[data-state=oiling],[data-state=repairing],[data-state=reconnecting],[data-state=waiting]) .apparatus-lamp{--lamp:var(--mvs-lamp-wait);animation:apparatus-lamp-blink calc(var(--mvs-motion-state)*3) steps(2,jump-none) infinite}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-control[data-state=stopping] .apparatus-lamp{--lamp:var(--mvs-closed);animation:apparatus-lamp-blink var(--mvs-motion-scene) steps(2,jump-none) infinite}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-control:is([data-state=inactive],[data-state=limit]) .apparatus-lamp{--lamp:var(--mvs-closed)}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-control[data-state=paused] .apparatus-lamp{--lamp:var(--lamp-off);box-shadow:0 0 0 2px var(--brass),0 0 0 3px var(--brass-lo)}@keyframes apparatus-lamp-blink{50%{filter:brightness(.6);box-shadow:0 0 0 2px var(--brass),0 0 0 3px var(--brass-lo)}}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-range input{-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none;background:transparent;height:44px}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-range input::-webkit-slider-runnable-track{height:8px;border-radius:4px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,#4c5e52 0 calc(66% - 4.48px),#5b3a30 calc(66% - 4.48px));box-shadow:inset 0 2px 3px #0008,0 1px 0 var(--mvs-panel)}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-range input::-moz-range-track{height:8px;border-radius:4px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,#4c5e52 0 calc(66% - 4.48px),#5b3a30 calc(66% - 4.48px));box-shadow:inset 0 2px 3px #0008,0 1px 0 var(--mvs-panel)}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-range input::-webkit-slider-thumb{-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none;width:28px;height:28px;margin-top:-10px;border:0;border-radius:50%;cursor:grab;background:radial-gradient(circle at 50% 50%,var(--brass-lo) 0 3px,transparent 3.5px),radial-gradient(circle at 38% 32%,var(--brass-hi),var(--brass) 55%,var(--brass-lo));box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--mvs-brass-rim-dark),0 3px 5px -1px #3a2a1aaa,inset 0 1px 1px #faf8f288}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-range input::-moz-range-thumb{width:28px;height:28px;border:0;border-radius:50%;cursor:grab;background:radial-gradient(circle at 50% 50%,var(--brass-lo) 0 3px,transparent 3.5px),radial-gradient(circle at 38% 32%,var(--brass-hi),var(--brass) 55%,var(--brass-lo));box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--mvs-brass-rim-dark),0 3px 5px -1px #3a2a1aaa,inset 0 1px 1px #faf8f288}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-range input:active::-webkit-slider-thumb{cursor:grabbing}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-track:after{content:"";position:absolute;left:14px;right:14px;top:31px;height:6px;pointer-events:none;background:linear-gradient(var(--mvs-scale-tick),var(--mvs-scale-tick)) right/1px 100% no-repeat,repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--mvs-scale-tick) 0 1px,transparent 1px 10%);opacity:.8}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-boundary{background:var(--mvs-closed)}body[data-journey=story] .apparatus-tax-boundary i{box-shadow:0 0 0 3px var(--enamel)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening :is(.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note){border:0}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening :is(.factory-state-detail,.factory-counter-note)>summary{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}@media(min-width:1000px)and (max-height:799.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .apparatus-tax-control{padding:9px 16px 6px}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-opening .ideas-tax-instruction+.apparatus-tax-range{margin-top:26px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){body[data-journey=story] :is(.apparatus-tax-range,.pf-staff) button{transition:none}}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .pf-comparison{display:grid;justify-items:center;gap:2px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .pf-comparison .pf-multiple{font:var(--mvs-font-h2);letter-spacing:var(--mvs-track-h2);color:var(--green);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .pf-comparison .pf-multiple>span{display:inline}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .pf-comparison .pf-multiple-unit{margin-left:.15em;font:var(--mvs-font-small);letter-spacing:0;color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .pf-comparison[data-state=waiting] .pf-multiple{color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .pf-comparison #pf-multiple:empty+.pf-multiple-unit{display:none}body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .pf-comparison>span{font-size:var(--mvs-size-small);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-small);color:var(--ink);max-width:46ch;text-wrap:balance}body[data-journey=story] .pf-scene .pf-output output{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-scene .pf-output .pf-rate{display:block;min-height:1.3em;font-size:var(--mvs-size-label);line-height:var(--mvs-leading-label);color:var(--muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}@media(max-width:999.98px){body[data-journey=story] .pf-toolbar .pf-comparison{justify-items:start;text-align:left}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .pf-scene .pf-output output{font-size:var(--mvs-size-h3)}}body[data-journey=story] .pf-scene:not(.pf-scene-3d) .pf-output{left:auto;right:2%;top:3%;transform:none}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .pf-scene:not(.pf-scene-3d) .pf-output{flex-direction:row;align-items:baseline;gap:5px}body[data-journey=story] .pf-scene:not(.pf-scene-3d) .pf-output .pf-rate{display:inline;min-height:0}body[data-journey=story] .pf-scene:not(.pf-scene-3d) .pf-output .pf-rate:not(:empty):before{content:"\b7  "}}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] :is(.pf-machine-label,.pf-scene .pf-output span){font-size:var(--mvs-size-label)}}}@layer pages{body[data-journey=story] .ideas-takeaway>.ideas-takeaway-claim{display:block;font:inherit;font-weight:400;max-width:28ch}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-takeaway>.ideas-takeaway-explanation{margin-top:18px;font:var(--mvs-font-body);letter-spacing:0;color:var(--muted)}body[data-journey=story] .ideas-narrative-svg text{font-optical-sizing:auto}@media(max-width:699.98px){body[data-journey=story] .ideas-takeaway>.ideas-takeaway-explanation{margin-top:14px}}body[data-journey=story] .pf-art [fill="#ece3c9"]{fill:var(--paper)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-art [fill="#bba77b"]{fill:var(--rule)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-art [fill="#9b946e"]{fill:var(--mvs-sage)}body[data-journey=story] .pf-art [stroke="#fff6dc"],body[data-journey=story] .pf-art [stroke="#f7edcf"]{stroke:var(--mvs-panel)}}